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Question 1 (AC 1.1) Provide an overview of the three main perspectives on employment relations, unitarist, pluralist and radical, explaining which approach is adopted at your organisation, critically evaluating how this influences the work of its people professionals.
Main Perspectives on Employment Relations
Unitarist Perspective
According to the unitarist perspective, the organisation is portrayed as one whole body with common goals among the employees and the employers, emphasising cooperation and loyalty (Kaufman et al., 2020). Under this approach, conflict is seen as unnecessary, resulting from poor communication or individual misunderstanding rather than inherent differences in interests. Saudi Aramco embraces a unitarist model, illustrated by the company’s culture of alignment between employees and management, where particular communication channels are structured, employees are extensively trained, and the career progression paths are clear (Aramco, 2025).
This approach has proven effective for Saudi Aramco due to its focus in collaboration and shared corporate objectives. The organisation places an emphasis on leadership development and workforce engagement initiatives like mentorship programs and internal mobility schemes, that contribute to a strong feeling of belonging (Aramco, 2025). The company also makes use of suggestion systems and performance-based incentives to actively encourage direct employee participation that lowers the likelihood of adversarial employment relations. However, while this approach promote unity, it can also restrict the opportunity for open discussions about any workplace grievances (Rogers, 2023). This may constrain employees from voicing dissenting opinions which can lead to unresolved tensions that can eventually lead to disengagement or high turnover among the employees.
By acting as intermediaries, people professionals maintain this balance by ensuring that communication is transparent and inclusive. The challenge, however, is to deal with the underlying issues without compromising the corporate narrative of unity (Van Buren III, 2021). This approach would be more effective if mechanisms for anonymous feedback were enhanced and structured forums….
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(Solution) CIPS FIDIC Contracts Advanced Practitioner Corporate Award (APCE)
- In this report, an evaluation of a contract by Oracle which is FIDIC guiding their construction projects in more than 67 countries globally has been carried out.
- It is evident from the analysis that there are varying contractual terms having an influence on the power and risk distribution between a supplier and an organisation.
- The rationale of this is that a contract is a legally enforceable agreement between different parties with specific acts or practices to be put into account.
- The core report areas of focus of focus has included the issues of price, quality, construction projects delivery timeline and health and safety have been put into account on the extent in which the risk and power are distributed between the contractor and the organisations.
- In the components identified, it is evident that irrespective of whether the buyer or supplier executes the risk or power.
- Through the application of different tools such as Mendelow stakeholders matrix, SWOT analysis and others, distinct issues and risks characterised by various challenges in the construction projects execution with their mitigation approaches and risks have been evidenced.
- As evidenced from the Kraljic analysis, it is evident that contractual terms have a strategic relevance in the context of Oracle informing on their holistic leveraging on the risks and powers of the contract.
- In situations where Oracle fails in leveraging on contract holistic risks power balance, warrant and also insurance cover is used.