(Solution) CIPD 7C004 Task 2.1 Differences of Primary and Secondary Data
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Description
Solution
The use of primary data entail using the first-hand data obtained by a researcher directly. This is different from secondary data which is a form of desk research obtained from the readily existing sources (Cerar et al., 2021; Silevew, 2019).
Considering this research, primary and secondary data was referred to. The rationale of this is that primary data is appropriate as it facilitate use of survey and observations while qualitative primary data being obtained by use of focus groups, interviews and observations. The secondary data is conversely important to source the available literature and apply it to support primary data obtained through the application of interviews and questionnaires.
Additionally, considering this research, through the application of Almarai entity, primary and secondary sources which are qualitative (textual) and quantitative (statistical) were obtained. Additionally, through the application of stay interviews in Almarai, this entail a form of secondary data sourced. Therefore, application of primary and secondary data to analyse turnover scope lead to possibility of managing issues with one strategy by using the strength of the other.
The decision of using either primary or secondary data is dependent on existence and detailed nature of the data. In an event the secondary data is not available/insufficient, sourcing of primary data is identified as essential to answer the research questions. Also, data, whether primary or secondary could either be qualitative (textual) or quantitative (statistical). The quantitative primary data can be sourced by use of surveys or observations, with qualitative primary data being sourced by use of interviews, focus discussions and observations (Silevew, 2019). Taking into account of this research, data is sourced by use of data from qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (survey by use of questionnaire) data from the primary sources by use of case study design. The data sourcing is data in a sequential manner from the interviews and later using surveys.
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Executive Summary
This assignment talks about the effective negotiation of procurement and supply. It includes at the beginning a brief about ROSHN company and its commercial department and what each function’s role. It also talked about the importance of procurement planning that assists in securing the best deals for the company. In addition to a specific category of spend that is commonly procured within the procurement function. Then it referred to the definition of the negotiation and what are the skills that any negotiator must have. It talked in details about the stages of negotiation and the importance of having a preparation stage, negotiation stage, and a post-contracting stage and what each of these stages include from activities need to be fulfilled in order to have a successful project. Moreover, there has been some information regarding the negotiation process within the approval cycle of procurement and how the negotiation is crucial prior approaching the market with a request for a quotation/proposal and what might impact any negotiation process such as PESTLE and Porter’s Five Forces elements. At the end, there has been some recommendations to enhance the knowledge of the current procurement officer at ROSHN along with nominating CIPS courses for any employee works in the procurement department. This report findings identify negotiation plan in procurement and supply management as essential for achieving value for money outcomes and leveraging in property sector where the organisation has based their operations. Also, this report has found that the Post-COVID global economic recession has elicited a reduction in overall performance of the property sector specifically in the real estate. Therefore, for ROSHN, limited resources have been identified as an issue impacting on the organisation success. This inform on the need for a detailed negotiation amongst the organisation different stakeholders to guarantee their continuity in business. The negotiation plan identified in this report is in alignment with various sourcing strategies, terms and conditions and stakeholder relationship. As part of this integrated report, the obtained findings and conclusions inform on the best practice of developing the negotiation plan. This is by following the phases of preparation, test, propose, bargain, agree and close. In all these identified stages, different tools and techniques can be used with all stakeholders relationships enhanced. Further, for achieving an optimum success in negotiation for design services, ROSHN would manage to achieve BATNA and MLA for best resources to be attained. From the findings and conclusions presented, there are different gaps noted affecting success of the negotiation plan. In order to fill the identified gaps, ROSHN can pursue various recommendations. These recommendations include implementing detailed plans with all stakeholders involved. Also, innovation and technology need to be introduced to be part of their negotiation process and successfully merged. An elaborate documentation is also important to be part of the negotiation plan with any conflict of interest mitigated. Also, depending on ROSHN target in terms of stakeholders, it is important to customise their negotiation plan.
(Solution) CIPS Sourcing Essentials Assessment
- In this assessment, sourcing approaches have been identified and holistically reviewed. This is in line with RCU organisation IT spend category. This is further compared with payment services, document management category which is office suppliers and postal services.
- For evaluating the identified spend categories, various tools have been selected which are Kraljic Analysis Tool, Mendelow’s Analysis Tool for Stakeholder analysis and the Maslow Hierarchy of needs.
- Further, by using the SWOT analysis, the internal and external factors of the sourcing have been selected. A further analysis by use of Peter Block Grid’s has been applied to evaluate the interests of stakeholders to source appropriate position.
- The findings indicate that RCU adopts the best sourcing approach based on their needs.
- Finally, by using Carter’s 10Cs model, the best practice for pursuing suppliers appraisal has been provided for IT spend category.
(Solution) CIPS Advanced Level Contract & Category Management in P&S – APGM
- This business report has been used for evaluating the category and contract management in Eco2Solar Company.
- In particular, Eco2Solar operates to improve their project management (PM) and Cost Management (CM) as part of their category management has been evaluated.
- The areas of focus has included an evaluation of requirements for initiating and preparing category management, strategic and conventional sourcing process and role in contract management, tools and techniques for mapping categories of direct and indirect expenditure.
- From the findings obtained, innovative measures for improving the supply chain in light of categories and category management has been recommended.
- Further, in this business report, the contract administration and contract management in case of category management has similarly been evaluated in context of category management this is with assessment of risks and implementation of risk management techniques in contracts being reviewed in context of category management.
- In order to appreciate the best practice in category and contract management in the selected Eco2Solar construction spend area, use of quantitative and desk research has been pursued to obtain relevant data.
- Additionally, different tools have been applied such as Mendelow Stakeholders analysis, CIPS Category Management Cycle, CIPS Contract Management Cycle, Suppliers positioning, PESTLE analysis and SWOT analysis.
- Considering this business report findings, Eco2Solar need to improve their approach for risk management and efficiency and effectiveness of category and contract management.
- From these finding, the stakeholders collaboration in Eco2Solar need to be improved which can be done by embrace of blockchain technologies.
- Also, by identifying their PS&M teams training and capacity development, they would be able to improve on their category management. In the contemporary procurement environment, the training and capacity development has been noted as the best practice to manage gaps in their operations. Also, the findings indicate the need for Eco2Solar to improve their category management of their construction spend by coming up with appropriate SLA’s agreement and KPIs while ensuring they capitalise on innovativeness.
- For the project management and cost management, this being a long-term investment would require an improved auditing. This can entail embrace of analytics to analyse and present contract management data and appropriate management strategy.
- The importance of improved collaboration is ensuring stakeholders active involvement and awareness on core decisions made as this could harness their practice, contribution and suggestions noted.
- By successfully pursuing stakeholder analysis, it is important to maintain stakeholders relations which promote Eco2Solar organisation image and increase their market share.